Internet Protocol (IP) is a network prtocol that estiblishes the rules for relaying and routing data in the internet.
IP Address: An IP address uniquely identifies a device on a network. Each device on a network has a IP addess and it serves two main functions.
- It identifies a host and a network.
- It is also used for location addressing.
Public and Private IP Address: IP address can be assigned to devices in a dynamic and static way. IP addresses can also be made public and private.
IPv4: An IPv4 address uniquely identifies a device with a network. This address is made of a 32-bit number in decimal digits, seprated by periods.
IPv4 -> 65.103.15.100
IPv6: An IPv6 standard extends the range of IPv4 address by a factor of 1028. It uses a group of hexadecimal number numbers that are separated by eight colons(:).
- Increases Security.
- Handles packets more efficently.
- Improve performance.
- The number identify both the network and device.
IPv6 -> FEDC:0000:0000:0089:0245:78FF:FE45:BA98
Port Number: A port number allows a device in a network to further identify the other devices or applications that communicate with it.
Common Port Numbers
- Port 22 -> SSH (Secure Shell)
- Port 53 -> DNS (Domain Name System)
- Port 80 -> HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- Port 443 -> HTTPS
- Port 3389 -> RDP